How to point a fighting rooster

How to point a fighting rooster. These are among special bre Jan 10, 2023 · Make sure they have enough space, food, and water, and consider separating any aggressive birds. Roosters that see humans as a threat will usually attack. Sep 14, 2023 · When an aggressive rooster runs at you, raise your arms to look even larger, and run, or take steps towards him. 1. Asil is agile and can take a lot of punishment, while Shamo is large, strong, and aggressive. Spurring – as the name suggests, jumping at you and trying to rake you. Rare breeds are a bit more than the average rooster cost. VICE hits the streets of the Philippines, visiting both cockpits and hatcheries, to get an inside look into cockfighting, one of the world's most controversial blood sports. Manna Pro 7-Grain Ultimate Chicken Scratch. We wanted to make sure that readers have the most up-to-date information on the sport, so we took in reader feedback and other ideas while revising the book. The rule is to give more egg white to drier cocks and less to those with lots of body moisture. Date Added: 12/27/2023. Rooster has several positive roles in a flock of chickens. January 27, 2023. When Blood Race through the comb it shows up like a beautiful Red Rose . Your rooster will seek out food for the flock and alert Mar 17, 2020 · Roosters are usually aggressive toward humans for several reasons. Step 9: Finish the drawing. Don’t hurt him in any way. Jun 15, 2023 · Two days at a time for a total period of three weeks should be enough. Cockfighting is illegal in the United States, and it’s often linked to other criminal activities such as illegal gambling and drugs. Don't miss this Jul 19, 2022 · First, you must ensure the roosters cannot see or hear the hens. m. Make sure you are providing enough food and clean water for your flock. Draw a black pupil into the eye, and another circle behind the eye on a lower level. Give Your Rooster a Proper Diet. Step 8: Color the rooster’s body. If you get your rooster to respect you, he will not think of attacking you. Jan 31, 2022 · Fights Over Food And Water. Jan 17, 2020 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Oct 23, 2019 · he asked. If he behaves, the job is done. A newly-hatched chicken of the same breed sells for about USD 50. Apr 1, 2024 · Fighting Cock, also known as game roosters or gamecocks, are a specially bred breed of roosters that possess an innate drive to fight. Rooster will serve as a guard and defender against perceived and actual danger. This allows him to act as flock mediator and peace maker. The wantilan, a Balinese cockfighting pavilion, and important temple ritual. Do […] How to Point A Fighting Rooster - Ebook written by Sabong Culture and Art. 59 $ 20. May 27, 2023 · The best rooster breeds for fighting are the American gamefowl and the Thai game. Jul 20, 2014 · Dating A Fight'n Rooster Knife - Tang Stamping. Provide access to food/water. 7. For its morning feed, only give it 1/4 of the feed mixture and give 8 to 10 dips of drinking water. Lemon Fowl. This behavior is sometimes done when asking for permission to mate or simply as a display of intentional affection. No one can predict what your two particular birds will do. They will fight until one of them concedes. Feb 28, 2021 · 1. The first documented use of the word gamecock, denoting use of the cock as to a "game", a sport, pastime or entertainment, was recorded in 1634, [1] after the term " cock of the game " used Jan 6, 2014 · Here are five important tips on raising roosters that can help you do it. Old English Game. #6. Lately, pointing has become a specific stage of the gamefowl’s preparation specialized by some higher masters of the game. Over time this bud grows and lengthens, often developing a curve and a wickedly sharp point. I personally had 6 roosters at one time, and it was soon down to only 3. 5. Oct 24, 2018 · October 24, 2018 ·. Choose the Right Breed for Your Backyard Rooster. Feed – A high-quality feed formulated explicitly for gamefowl is crucial. Key Takeaways: Clean wounds with warm water and mild soap. Jul 7, 2015 · In the morning give only a third or less of the usual ration to the roosters that will be fought before 4 p. Keep a close eye on the flock and separate if necessary. Administer antibiotics if needed. They do this to find food and because they love exploring, but also to keep their claws nice and sharp. Dec 12, 2013 · More hens means more mating opportunity per rooster, so a better chance of them getting along. Gaffs or Knives – These tools attach to the legs of the rooster during fights. Trying to befriend your rooster is not the same as showing weakness, and acting with kindness is often more effective than responding with your own aggression. This stage is very important and must not be overlooked by cockers. How to make them more power Mar 11, 2024 · 2. And they let him remain free until he starts a fight. Rooster and all chickens can't sweat they don't have sweat gland like humans so Comb act as their Thermostat. They can fight to the death. Jul 19, 2022 · First, you must ensure the roosters cannot see or hear the hens. Aug 24, 2022 · Scratching Around. This book, therefore, aims to give you a complete understanding of how to detect the signs reflected in your roosters indicative of being in their peak fighting form, as well as give you a quick review on lineages of game birds with their corresponding fighting styles, conditioning, and pointing requirements. After the conditioning period, the next stage before the actual fight of a battle rooster is called Pointing fighting cocks. You can determine this by observing the droppings. It has been practiced all over the world for hundreds of years, and while many countries have denounced the The established rooster is going to want all of the hens to itself. It is a blood fight between two trained roosters. But it's not just two birds fighting. This won't hurt him, it will just scare him a little bit, and that is what you want. It is deeply ingrained in the country's history and culture, rooted in the pre-colonial era. on average. This term is typically used to describe a juvenile male chicken that has not yet reached sexual maturity. A rooster provides fertilization services to the hens in the flock. However, know that roosters can and will fight each other—sometimes to the death. knives, so decided to start a new thread. Roosters attack people to show them the rooster is the top of the pecking order. Cockerels are not fully grown and have Nov 22, 2022 · As a rooster grows, so do the spurs. The fight only becomes serious when one rooster decides that he won’t put up with a beta rooster in the coop. I don't know about cochins, but I have been surprised by the tenacity of a Japanese rooster. Wound management is an essential part of keeping them healthy. You can soften the spur by rubbing it with oil or by heating a potato and then applying it to the spur. how to hand work a roosters Apr 1, 2024 · The rooster won superbly, and Jim Kent offered Carol to buy it for $5,000. Cockerel: A cockerel is a young male chicken that is under one year of age. Establish Yourself as the Flock Leader. These rooster attacks can result in painful scratches or puncture wounds, primarily if the rooster’s spurs have grown too long or sharp. But it makes them meaner and more hostile than before. If you’re looking for a cheap and additional gamefowl feed mix for maintaining mature chickens, especially game birds take a look at this package from Manna Pro. How to training your rooster. . He wants you to either run away (and show you’re submissive), or he wants you to fight him. Oct 3, 2019 · A cockfight is also known as gamecock or cockpit is loved by Asians especially. Give the latter appropriate amount of feeds Sep 5, 2015 · How to bring the rooster on point. And step 4, they let the rooster loose in the yard. For the past 2 weeks, they have been fighting (fluffing themselves up, raising their neck feathers and lifting their heads higher than the other), but 1 week ago it escalated to pecking too. This will cause a painful burn. Cock fighting, while a frightening thing to watch, is a necessary part of the rooster pecking order. More space is always better, they can get out of each other's way. If the rooster feels threatened, he might attack, using his fully developed spurs as weapons. The drier the droppings, the drier the cock, and vice versa. The cheapest fighting roosters are Asil starting from $50. Best Bird Training | Rooster King Fight. Other names in English: Gamefowl or game fowl. Fighting rooster. Quiggles, my reformed punk rooster. 1 roo per pen, and do not allow them to meet up, even if one is a silkies and Rhode Island Red, a roo is a roo. Consider pinning your rooster instead. BASICS AND UNDERSTANDING OF POINTING. Cockfighting is a brutal, bloody sport in which people place bets on gamecocks – roosters specially bred and trained for the purpose – which are then placed in a fighting pit and encouraged to fight. Mar 20, 2021 · Step 3: Draw Basic Head Shapes. If you use the potato method, remember to be careful to not touch the potato to the rooster’s leg. Fruits & Treats. Draw in a circle for the eye, so that your rooster can see what’s going on in his barnyard. then if you need fertilized eggs you can let the best behaved one into the hens area for as long as needed, and trade them out as behaviour and need dictate. Fighting– Roosters generally fight for two reasons: to protect the flock or to acquire a flock. Feed fine cracked corn, egg white and a little amount of pellets on fight day. This chicken feed contains completely natural ingredients, so there is no fear of GMO contamination. If the fighting wanes, handlers Jul 25, 2023 · No actual author. Malay is tall, strong, and agile, while Hatch is speedy, strong, and durable. Give plenty of rest in a quiet area. Start using the fly pen four weeks before fight time. Place it a bit above the middle and slightly towards the front of the oval. These birds are meticulously selected and raised for their strength, endurance, and aggressive nature to excel in the intense world of cockfighting. Pay attention to his behavior. Sep 14, 2014. He will stop when he thinks you are no longer a threat. A rooster will fertilize your eggs. The original first stamp on Fight'n Rooster knives (rear tang) was Frank Buster Cutlery Company Germany. My question is I have 5 different breeds of egg layers. By 7 AM, let the fighting rooster limber but it must not see a hen or another cock. Sep 12, 2014 · A rooster will do the best it can to protect your flock. Brown Red Game Fowl. Free ranging means they can get out of each other's sight, even better. A rooster is outside of the hens’ pecking order. If you have a large flock, food and water may be limited. In this article, we will discuss the two best Are you keeping more than one rooster in your backyard chicken flock and they're being aggressive to each other? Watch this video to learn how to train your May 7, 2024 · Fight'n Rooster Newport #78/100. And when that happens, they pick him back up and they put him back in his cage. Besides supernatural fighting skills, this Brown Red Game Fowl runs well. In this heightened sense of anxiety that the fighting causes, hens may stress to the point to where they stop laying eggs. Step 3: Draw the feathers. Malay Gamefowl. Aug 1, 2022 · This second edition of our book, "How to Point A Fighting Rooster (Second Edition)," is the result of a collective effort to deepen our understanding of gamefowls. Jul 5, 2021 · Flogging – the rooster will fly at you and try to beat you with his wings and rake you with the spurs. " How to Point a Fighting Rooster ( Second Edition )" reveals everything you need to know about pointing, the final stage of conditioning that determines the optimal physical and mental state of your gamefowls before the fight. Line. See all formats and editions. Use a timer to control the light’s on and off Hey this is a bird training video, How your rooster can do. The following is presented as a more or less guide to a better u. Fear, however, does not make them respect you. Otherwise, fights usually break out once the cockerels sexually mature, which can be anytime after 12 weeks. Basics Of Pointing Fighting Cocks. our cocks here in Luzon and there are many other good brands and feeds available. How to Point A Fighting Rooster - Ebook written by Sabong Culture and Art. Full grown roosters will fight dogs, hawks, and other predators to the death to protect a flock. Apr 12, 2023 · Fighting Rooster Price. Brown Red Game Fowl may not be as famous as Whitehackle, American Game Chicken, Shamo, Old English Game Chicken, Asil, and Sumatra, but it is as great as they are. Break up the training sessions by moving him to the grass pen or sand pen. After 4 in the afternoon, give each rooster two pecks of feeds every hour. Feeds during our 21 day conditioning keep are Sagupaans derby conditioners. 3. Jun 28, 2022 · A rooster will court a hen by dropping one of his wings and doing a dance around or towards the hen. Older roosters perceive more danger than younger roosters. Mar 19, 2008 · This is a matter of genes, instinct, and a roo will fight to his death to keep his girls safe, and that means another roo. Don't miss this opportunity to download your copy today. Since blood has been drawn, chances are it will be Nov 20, 2023 · Lastly, getting another rooster has been proven to help hash out dominance issues by balancing out the pecking order in the flock. On average, a mature rooster from a rare bloodline is available for the price of USD 150 to USD 500. I have two chickens right now. In 1982 the rear tang stamp was changed to Frank Buster Celebrated Cutlery Germany. If he still shows aggressive behavior towards the chickens, try another 2 weeks by himself. They kick and duel in mid-air, striking at each other with feet and beak. Feb 25, 2018 · If you want to teach them not to fight you simply after they fight, pick one of them up and put it in to a bucket of water then take them out quickly. Two or three feeders and two waterers is a good amount for most of these flocks. $345. You will be amazed by the difference that Jul 1, 2022 · 12. Hold him down until he is calm and then let him go. This second edition of our book, "How to Point A Fighting Rooster (Second Edition)," is the result of a collective effort to deepen our understanding of gamefowls. Cockfighting is a blood sport involving domesicated roosters as the combatants. Sep 14, 2014 · 21,340. This breed was specifically developed for cockfighting but cross Jul 9, 2014 · Basics Of Pointing Fighting Cocks After the conditioning period, the next stage before the actual fight of a battle rooster is called Pointing fighting cocks. Summary. Fertile eggs means you can hatch baby chicks. 59 Dec 30, 2021 · So if you plan to buy a specific breed of fighting cock, we recommend that you first know all the qualities and characteristics of the most suitable fighting Aug 14, 2021 · 41. "How to Point a Fighting Rooster (Second Edition)" reveals everything you need to know about pointing, the final stage of conditioning that determines the optimal physical and mental state of your gamefowls before the fight. 4. At about 10-20 weeks old, roosters begin to crow while hens do not. It usually happens when you have a more than 2 roosters, but some breeds of roosters were bred for fighting, for example Old English Game roosters. Then do the same with the other. These are very high quality, well built knives, primarily in celluloid, but also built with bone and stag. The ability to point-out a show of gamefowl is not, in itself an art, rather it is simply a matter of knowing what pointing is all about and using that knowledge to help overcome the problems that are most commonly associated with the pointing procedures. I know they have to keep them separate because they fight them. Use artificial light to control the rooster’s exposure to light. It went on for like 30 seconds before another alpha rooster came and chased off Jan 27, 2023 · Caitlin Manner. Malay Gamefowl is unique because of its long legs and upright stature, making it one of the tallest breeds of chicken. Jan 9, 2024 · Roosters, or male chickens, stand out significantly from hens by their appearance and behavior. Mar 31, 2024 · Here are 10 of the most essential gamefowl supplies: 1. Jun 12, 2023 · During the pointing period, a feed mix consisting of oat groats, cracked corn, concentrate, chopped boiled egg whites, and dextrose powder is fed to the roosters. Re-apply regularly until the wound successfully heals. May 29, 2012 · Pros and Cons of Keeping a Rooster. Roosters will crow to alert the flock of any threats. 2. Fighting like you see between two rooster where they jump and attack at each other. If they are both just as hard headed, then yes, one will kill the other. Nov 30, 2021 · Step 4: Allow the rooster to interact in the flock until he becomes aggressive—then separate him immediately. All they see is two birds fighting. Hormonal changes and testing the boundaries. Step 4: Draw the wing and legs. Step 2: Draw the comb. He may stand still and stare you down, do not walk away. Aug 16, 2017 · Songster. The sport is a form of entertainment and a way of life for many Filipinos, particularly those in rural areas. Use fear as your main weapon to tame him. Roosters have very sharp claws on their feet which they use for fighting (more on that later), so it's important that Cockfighting. Too many roosters can be hard on Sep 1, 2021 · Step 2: Change your rooster’s dominant/submissive mentality into a partnership mentality. Sometimes wire with a tarp for the roof, and sometimes just a 55 gallon barrel cut out. Some roosters have been known to get aggressive if there are predators in the area, or if it has felt under threat at any point. Complete waste of time and money. Every time you put them back together they will Jun 8, 2023 · Rare Breeds Rooster Price. Mar 28, 2011. This is where the official $5k sweater bloodline Jul 25, 2017 · If you have more than two roosters in your rooster flock, it's a good idea to have multiple feeders and waterers. Apr 10, 2013 · Everyone that has fighting roosters keeps them in a really small enclosure. It's the pride. Jun 28, 2023 · Day 21: Fight Day. Usually the wire footprint is about 3' by 3'. Step 3: Draw Basic Head Shapes. Cockfighting (sabong), the six thousand year-old spectator sport, has been transformed by the Philippines into a billion-dollar industry. Aug 2, 2022 · Paperback – August 2, 2022. Fresh vegetables should be good for a regular diet, as they provide vitamins, minerals, protein, and fiber to roosters. Carol returned home with the $5k rooster and crossed it to its origin – the Possum. The best way to prevent them from fighting is separating them. Jan 10, 2023 · Opens in a new window. Roosters can be quite mean when given a chance to be. Oct 28, 2010 · 256. Get a Good Backyard Chicken Coop. Roosters are having fun eating fresh vegetables like carrots, pumpkins, potatoes, turnips, lettuce, herbs, and so many veggies. Aug 28, 2023 · This is an ideal choice if you want one of the proven success stories. Bribe Them With Treats. Cockfighting is a blood sport in which roosters are placed in a ring and forced to fight to the death. Limit the amount of time the rooster spends outside the coop or pen during daylight hours. Nothing but general info on gamefowl. Step 6: Add details. This makes additional nutrients (vitamins) on the feed and make nutrients to be assimilated more by the chickens. Another common reason for fights among chickens in the coop is over resources like food and water. It's our Fighting Rooster Sign – Custom Rooster – Metal Chicken Sign – Rooster Farmhouse Metal Wall Art – Home Decor – Farmer Gift Sign (26) Sale Price $20. Tips on Raising Roosters Tips. Feb 23, 2023 · 38. Asil, Shamo, Malay, Hatch, and Swater are all breeds known for their strength, stamina, and gameness. Mar. If you remove what they are fighting over they are less likely to fight. If conditioning is to prepare a cock for battle, pointing is to prepare the cock for the moment of battle. The Ayam Cemani is known as the world’s most expensive fighting rooster which can cost up to $5000, followed by the Peruvian breed which can cost up to $4,400. Waterer – A clean, fresh water source should always be available. If the hens get in a squabble together, the rooster will often step in and stop the fight. These breeds are known for their aggressiveness, strength, and endurance. Pointing is the final stage in the gamefowl’s conditioning for the actual fight. Other roosters who attempt to join the flock will be fought and destroyed because the head rooster must protect the flock. Supplements are also given to the rooster; most often, they contain a blend of vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, and other natural ingredients. Rare, pure-breed varieties of gamefowls may cost up to USD 1,500 or even more. Injury to humans. Give it anti-stress medicine if you are traveling to the cockfighting venue. Then one of the rooster pecked on a hen's head and she didn't like it at all. When your rooster full-on attacks you, he wants to put you in a fight or flight mode. With contributions from Carol Nesmith, this breed became highly esteemed in the fiercest cockfighting arenas across Mexico, South America, and the Philippines. Southeast Arkansas. Just general info someone gathered from the internet and bound it into book form. Give full ration to those that are scheduled to fight after 6 p. ”. Jan 31, 2021 · how to condition a game roosters. Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. The Sweater, named after its developer Sweater McGinnis, is a testament to the refinement in rooster breeding. Jan 10, 2024 · A shield can be something as simple as a broom or a strong stick; whatever you need to have the power to push the rooster away. Jan 31, 2021 · first steps to feed a game rooster out Mar 31, 2024 · When it comes to training gamefowl, you can do a few key things to help ensure your birds are as strong and smart as possible. This can be done by gently twisting the spur until it pops off. Jul 5, 2022 · Fend Off Infection. Carol turned the offer down. A Red Rosy Comb also a signal that your Boy is all Cockfights are usually held in round or square enclosures called “cockpits” or simply “pits. By: Pro-Tech Knives , Fight'n Rooster Knives. They want to be with them and will get stressed out if they sense them near but are unable to reach them. Second, you’ll still have to provide all the food and space requirements discussed above, or they’ll be right back at each other’s throats. One of them is a rooster, but the other one is smaller and has a shorter crown. Except those that will be fought beyond 10 p. Feb 20, 2024 · 4. los angeles streetwear brand, hidden pocket streetwear, men's shorts, men's jean shorts, men's black jean shorts, men's distressed jean shorts, travel shorts, hidden pocket shorts, chino shorts, adventure shorts, hiking shorts, skateboard, skate, fairfax, melrose, men's FW2020, boy's shorts 18-20, May 15, 2024 · The hens have superior egg layers compared to many other Asiatic fighting chicken breeds; they lay light brown, medium-sized eggs. Roosters used for cockfighting are bred and raised to fight. The front of the blade was stamped with the two Rooster Trademark and the word Solingen underneath the roosters. First, start with a good foundation. Step 5: Draw the tail. This means that it is going to fight the other rooster. 6 and a half weeks old. Yesterday in the morning I opened coop door and chickens came out. Aug 1, 2022 · Normal rooster behavior is to defend the flock from all comers. To pin him, you need to grab him, put him on the ground, and hold him down. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read How to Point A Fighting Rooster. The price of the Fighting Roosters may range from $50 to even $5000 . Germinating the grains, the process is soaking the grains for 7 to 12 hours and transferred to a dark area in a draining container, covered with towel or newspaper and let to sprout for 24 to 36 hours. Roosters can live well into their teens if we keep on top of their health. You can think of a rooster spur as being in the same category as your own fingernails. There were a few older threads (6 yrs old) that I decided not to resurrect, but just recently I've gathered a couple Fight'n Rooster Frank Buster Celebrated Cutlery Co. by Sabong Culture and Art (Author) 10. It may take several minutes but do not turn your back on him or walk away from him. Jun 18, 2023 · Here are some ways to do that: Cover the windows and doors of the coop or pen with curtains or black sheets to block sunlight from entering. One eyewitness described a fight this way: “With neck feathers fanned and wings whirring, the birds jump and parry at each other. Sep 5, 2023 · Most Durable Fighting Rooster Breeds. Step 1: Draw the outline of the body. Next, get them used to being handled. Step 7: Color the crest and feet. However, depending on the dynamics and size of your flock, those numbers may need to be added to (or even subtracted from if the extra feeders are unused). He’ll need something to take his mind off of his girls. She started fighting with him. This is important, especially when controlling your aggressive rooster. A Comprehensive Look at Fighting-Cock Knowledge Sabong is a famous sport in the Philippines that involves breeding and fighting roosters. If you separate them, you will have to keep them separated. delousing, bacterial flushing, sparring, supplementing vitamins, scratching exercises, flypen exercising and reducing moisture content in the birds. Product Description: " Pointing " is one of the secrets to success in gamefowl competitions. Eventually they should stop fighting at each other if you keep doing this right after they fight. Cockfighting in the Phillipines. Oct 3, 2018 · Comb contains small veins that supply blood throughout the region and allows Roosters to cool down in Hot Days . Once the bleeding has stopped, use an antiseptic spray such as Blu-Kote to keep infection out. In terms of physical attributes, roosters are generally A coop just for their roosters. They are covered in keratin, a type of protein associated with fingernails, hair, and even horns, and tusks. Roosters have been bred for centuries to fight, and the breeding process has resulted in specific breeds that are more suited for this purpose. The breed usually stands at 26 to 35 inches tall and weighs 9 lbs. Chasing you away from the flock. Feb 7, 2021 · A cockerel becomes a rooster when he matured and was given a flock to roost with, hence he graduated to becoming a rooster. It's the economy. "Because whitey over there put in this law? It's not going to happen. This could result in death or at least serious injury. Although it doesn't always help, I believe it's much safer to have one. The head rooster established his dominance first, then the other two sorted things out between themselves. If this does not work then you can try getting rid of one of them. #1. The next thing you'll see a rooster doing - along with all chickens - is scratching around in the dirt. The Old English Gamefowl, as the name implies, is one of the oldest fighting chicken breeds. Make sure to keep the rooster active in the fly pen but don’t leave him there for too long. Rooster spurs can pose a danger to humans as well. He will panic a little but don't worry you aren't hurting him. 00. Source: @happy_acresfarm. You’ll hear an unmistakable “cock-a-doodle-doo” sound echoing throughout your backyard that leaves no room for doubt. The blood composition of the $5k Sweater consists of 1/2 possum blood and 1/2 yellow-legged Hatch Stewart. Jan 17, 2020 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright "Pointing" is one of the secrets to success in gamefowl competitions. If you have only one coop and a group of mixed male and female chickens, it's not a good idea to keep multiple cockerels/roosters unless they have grown up together. Spend Time with Your Rooster Chicken and Backyard Chickens. Chasing – he may try this with children more. Keep him separate from the hens for about 2 weeks and then allow him back in with the rest of the flock. Sep 17, 2021 · As long as everyone respects their individual positions, peace and order is maintained throughout the flock. Mar 30, 2021 · Vegetable plant. All the efforts done during the conditioning stage will go to waste if proper pointing is not performed accordingly. Ensure your birds have plenty of room to move around and have access to fresh water and food at all times. Pointing feed. hy tv pj uw ik vb ca lb yh bh